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alright.

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Matt Davis: hi there, welcome to the inaugural version of srt from theory to practice, my name is matt Davis and i'm a staff infrastructure engineer at blameless.

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Matt Davis: And I work in our infrastructure and sorry team, and I do a lot of operational and architectural types of things over on the operations and systems side.

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Matt Davis: Why don't we go ahead and introduce the rest of our panel today you've on Please go ahead.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): hey um I am Yvonne lamb, I am a staff software engineer at Kong mostly working on ci and CD things and developer tools, I have done all kinds of deployment engineering and Sri things and OPS things and yeah that's basically me.

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Matt Davis: Charles go ahead, please.

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Charles Cary: hi i'm Charles Carey i'm Sherlock Holmes cto.

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Charles Cary: deal with a lot of incidents anything that kind of gets escalated lots of trigger routing you know, in addition to just kind of leading technical development over here.

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Charles Cary: And yeah never been been doing OPS in various forms, for a while now is that aws working on some of those services as well and yeah so what i'm all about.

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Kurt Andersen: And i'm curt Anderson i'm s3 architect here at blameless also and previously was with linkedin and before that HP managed services so i've been dealing with operational issues for a long time as well.

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Matt Davis: i'm glad we have such a nice rounded operational expertise here, because today we're going to talk about on call.

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Matt Davis: And we're going to talk about basically the overriding question of what is difficult about on call, and you know there's all kinds of ways that we can talk about this and I, I think that i'm going to go ahead and start the discussion myself, excuse me.

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Matt Davis: Because I happen to be on call this week.

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Matt Davis: i'm not on call at the moment.

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Matt Davis: And I actually got someone to cover for me, a new employee who hasn't actually been in the rotation yet volunteered to cover my shift for the day, so it have a good time get you know get some good sleep.

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Matt Davis: And then be able to do this, recording today.

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Matt Davis: Now, one of the things that I like to think about when i'm talking about on call with other people is the very difficult decisions that we make when we're in the middle of doing our work and one of the things that I found very difficult.

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Matt Davis: In fact, an incident that happened yesterday.

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Matt Davis: Was as the on call um you know, I was pretty much called upon, also with my expertise to mitigate the problem.

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Matt Davis: And I was having some difficulty.

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Matt Davis: reaching out I had I had some difficulty.

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Matt Davis: Being a kind of incident commander, if you will.

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Matt Davis: You know this was a 72 incident and I won't go into our severity levels, right now, but it wasn't a low incident and it wasn't a high incident so.

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Matt Davis: Something was down and and I, as the engineer needed to get it fixed as the person with expertise, I was also the next person who I probably escalate to to get this fixed.

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Matt Davis: So I wasn't able to do things like Oh, should we contact the customer, because of this, you know this blip that might happen.

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Matt Davis: or hey what other communication is going out so that's one of the things that I was finding really difficult to do, while I was actually trying to handle the incident.

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Matt Davis: You Varna i'm going to call on you, if I may Is there something what let me ask you this first wins last time you, you were on call.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): i'm probably a year or so ago, I mean I, and that was on call for internal systems.

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Okay.

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Matt Davis: describe that why why, why do you make that distinction between an internal system and an internal system.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): it's a little bit it's a little bit different just in terms of the amount of monitoring support in terms of.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): The business level of support um so, for instance, when I used to work at chef we.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I worked for release engineering we owned like the we were probably like the biggest aws expense, because we ran a giant production build cluster.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): For you know something like I don't know like round about 100 platforms so lots of stuff.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And it had tentacles in all kinds of places at the time that I was working on it, I mean it's very different now and it.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You being on call for internal things is a little bit different because a lot of times you just get people like you get people that you know you don't necessarily get an alert right you're like you get people saying things like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Something seems funny like my slow.

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Matt Davis: yeah yeah yeah that that's really interesting.

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Matt Davis: Because I think you're right, we tend to not think about our internal customers as customers, I mean they are customers.

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Matt Davis: um now Is there something that you can recall from being on call back then, when you were doing the internal you know response, do you find that more difficult than being on call for doing an external response.

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um.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I find it so I mean like it's different I don't know that it's more difficult that.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): In some ways.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): The pressure is less because you know you're not necessarily you know it's not necessarily a sub zero for something that's directly customer facing right this minute, but.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): It nobody is fronting for you like that's the thing that's hard right like it's like like you do not have a support team or.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): some kind of customer facing team that is answering the phone or answering emails and saying yes, we know it's down, we know it's down, we know it's not right like like you got you know 100 people showing up one by one.

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or.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Do you know that nobody can build anything that's like I know I know, thank you, yes, on it on it, no.

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Matt Davis: They do.

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Matt Davis: This makes me think of another question that we're often faced with, I think this is true of every operation is what is an incident.

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Yes.

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Matt Davis: Does the fact that its internal external meaning it isn't or is an incident.

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Matt Davis: I don't know my personal opinion, is it doesn't really matter.

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Matt Davis: got an incident.

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Matt Davis: In a complex system is an incident yes.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And, and I think that we had.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Like one of the reasons why we had a pretty serious on call rotation for um for the build systems for the built platform is that well you know right about the time that I started, we got hit with heart bleed.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Right, so our ability to rebuild our software to mitigate customer issues was at risk because we first had to mitigate things, and you know, like because we had a bunch of stuff go wrong with our build platform to so.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): That is yeah so you know so it's you know we tend to think of on call is something that mostly affects people in the SAS world, but you know I think there's a there's a movement towards having it be like if it affects your ability to get things to customers, then.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know there's one on caught, you know, there may be an all call there, there may be some kind of an incident structure that you want to have.

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Matt Davis: Right QA the QA system is down cannot QA.

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Matt Davis: More much less deploy but i've hit that instance in the past i've taken down QA in the past.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Well, and they're offline systems to right like so like so many places are doing sort of like data crunching machine learning, like all you know all of those pipelines it's like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Like how big a deal is it if your machine learning pipeline goes down, I mean.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): there's probably probably nothing bad is going to happen right this minute like but over time somebody surface, you know that it's like people surface will be impacted like you know there's some kind of a data quality measure that you will not be able to meet.

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Kurt Andersen: yeah speaking from experience when you have pipelines that take 22 hours to run and if they fail at our.

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Kurt Andersen: you're a day behind by the time you even just restart the pipeline and it can have really serious impacts on.

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Kurt Andersen: User experience i'll say.

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Kurt Andersen: in general.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): People like seeing their updates right away like that makes them feel like something has happened, like it's important.

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Kurt Andersen: Right or or seeing an appropriate list of people that you might want to connect with.

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Matt Davis: or being served the correct add.

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Matt Davis: That yes thing that i've had this same exact experience like you're you're saying Kurt where will this this feed takes 24 hours to process we actually won't know until tomorrow if something went wrong then you know.

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Matt Davis: it's difficult to know well, should we stop the feed, because we know this is broken, or do we wait until we see the results to understand how broken it got.

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Kurt Andersen: So it's and, and these are very interesting and difficult.

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Kurt Andersen: problems that are being grappled with in the op ml community, which is essentially looking at how do you apply general reliability principles in the context of machine learning and training scenarios which can take significant amounts of time and hardware to to process yeah.

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Matt Davis: yeah hey Charles how about you when when we think about things that are difficult for an on call engineer to do to make difficult decisions what what crosses your mind sure.

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Charles Cary: I think one of the most challenging things is assessing customer impact, and the reason I bring that up is.

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Charles Cary: Often, you know you're you're you're on call right and what you're thinking about is you know, is the system functioning or not, is there, something I should be attending to right now, or often if it's a quiet shift like people.

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Charles Cary: To be honest, they start doing other stuff unfortunately which can happen.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And then.

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Charles Cary: What will happen is like you jump into the moment of the issue, and I think folks often you're now like in a debugging mindset when like actually the first thing that needs to be stressed out is like well.

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Charles Cary: Irrespective of what the ticketing system has declared in terms of the severity of the issue like.

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Charles Cary: Is this a global outage does this impact all the customers, does it impact only a subset is it one customer right and then really they think the next part of that is.

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Charles Cary: Know beyond just how many customers for those that it does impact, what is the impact.

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Charles Cary: Is it just a degradation of the service, this is total outage is it like a data loss event right.

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Charles Cary: And the reason I think it matters is just like that's how you know how quickly Should I be escalating right now.

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Charles Cary: right because, even if you know exactly what to do if it's a meaningful percentage of the customers and let's say it's a potential data loss event you're probably should escalate immediately.

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Charles Cary: Right like irrespective of it's like hey I just need to restart this instance it's like well yeah but the business ramifications are such that.

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Charles Cary: You better let people know because we have to begin, you know preparing to talk to folks or doing a deeper analysis of like well what really happened, you know what was the impact of that and I find that that's also a really hard thing for.

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Charles Cary: folks to quickly train on like you can train on run books, you can train by observing others, it takes a long time to build up an intuitive sense for this specific business if certain things happen, what is the true severity and who do I need to talk to like really fast ooh.

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Matt Davis: i'm so glad you use the word intuition here the intuitive sense, because you know when when we get called.

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Matt Davis: we're.

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Matt Davis: we're we're almost automatically enter that firefighting mode because.

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Matt Davis: for whatever reason we've been page, so our cognition gets a little blip and we're like automatically into this mode of what patterns are matching right now.

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Matt Davis: And so that that intuition, we really have to lean on I was thinking what you were describing that how How would an oncology engineer even know that restarting this thing.

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Matt Davis: will result in data loss and therefore will result in so many customers having you know, a data outage and.

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Matt Davis: How would they even know that, how would they even know to to immediately think Oh, this may mean data loss I better escalate to the data team, or whatever.

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Matt Davis: I don't know the answer that question, have you seen any examples of of how an old person would do that.

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Charles Cary: well.

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Charles Cary: I think it usually comes from spending time I think i've heard i've heard other other folks talk about this, but I think I think it's really true that, like in on call it's hard to replace time spent on call.

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Charles Cary: Like often you know just reading documentation or working on code doesn't actually give you like a systemic model in your brain of how the system works, but like being on incidence does for.

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Charles Cary: us to at least, and so I do think there's like an hours of practice aspect on call in terms of how it gets there, I think.

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Charles Cary: The general technique, I recommend to people is since it it's hard to develop strategies to develop intuition.

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Charles Cary: If you don't have them, which is true at the beginning, the most important thing I find is to create like a kind of a culture where it's okay to escalate really fast.

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Charles Cary: Right in the sense that someone in the org has an intuition about this, I think it's I think it's important to establish hey it's okay to go and page other people, even if they may come back and say like come on it's the small thing.

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Charles Cary: it's not a big deal it's important to make that safe to do, because otherwise I think it's very hard to develop the intuition right and it's usually just not possible, I think, even from even reading the code it's very hard, you have to see the running system and experience it.

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Matt Davis: yeah and feeling safe that you can escalate to someone is really, really important being able to think because i've hit this in the past myself being on call it's 3am.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I don't think we're waking out right.

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yeah.

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Matt Davis: You know where we going to save on.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Oh, that just that you know you're waking a person up.

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Right yeah.

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Kurt Andersen: So I wanted to ask a question, because you brought up the escalation term Charles.

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Kurt Andersen: Does that imply some sort of directionality is it is it a matter of like matt was alluding it's 3am I don't know what's going to go on.

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Kurt Andersen: i'm going to call my manager i'm going to call the PR team i'm going to call a colleague i'm going to call somebody who's on another team, but it's basically appear what's, what do you have in mind when you say escalation Charles.

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Charles Cary: yeah so sometimes i'll see that there's like a notion of a formal escalation like there's like kind of a bit of a command and control hierarchy and on call and there's like primary, secondary sometimes tertiary you know it can be extended on early.

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Charles Cary: And I don't know if that that's not really the only escalation, I think, like when I say escalation, maybe the the way to define it is just a go get other people, because you don't know it, whoever those people may be.

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Kurt Andersen: Right and what are.

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Charles Cary: Our city and and I think in terms of if I had to provide guidance to folks and who should they go and get one valuable thing to develop what being on call is.

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Charles Cary: Not necessarily who's the expert in everything, because you can't page the expert every single time they might be busy at that moment to like with another issue.

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Charles Cary: Like which happens, I think it is useful, though, to have a mental map of.

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Charles Cary: For the different sub components of what you're trying to control.

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Charles Cary: Is there a one hot person in each direction that you're comfortable escalating to so that, like in the kind of limit you get to the person who can help.

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Charles Cary: And so it's more about just kind of well here all my supporting services do I have a contact on them that i'm comfortable talking to your other one my downstream services and so kind of building up a little bit of that.

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Charles Cary: You know the next top, so to speak, I think, is useful and maybe that's probably a better term than escalation.

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Matt Davis: I when the way you described it, I would actually even call that a little bit of adaptive capacity i'm being able to lean on those other people I i'm exhausting my capacity in this expert in this area of expertise, I need to.

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Matt Davis: tap into someone else's adaptive capacity to be able to help me with this problem and that yeah that feels a lot more lateral than a escalation up.

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Charles Cary: yeah the thing.

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Kurt Andersen: And it almost sounds like your case that you mentioned matt have you got in you started debugging looking at it technically almost having a one hop saying hey I need somebody to run the incident for me while I look at as the technical responder or the technical expert.

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Kurt Andersen: That could be one of these one hop resources to be able to take advantage of as well.

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Matt Davis: Oh yeah yeah you're right.

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Matt Davis: Like probably as I look back on on my time with the incident, yesterday I can think of, I can think of several examples where it would have made and i'm operating looking in hindsight, I know this.

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Matt Davis: And you know, maybe there were opportunities for me to reach out to other people.

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Matt Davis: And that's something else I think you know just talking about that difficulty being able to.

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Matt Davis: You know, we talked we talked about flow.

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Matt Davis: And we talked about getting into the intuition, of a system and oftentimes and I like drawing parallels with music because that's what I do.

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Matt Davis: But oftentimes when you're.

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Matt Davis: You know when you're playing the gig and when you're into the gig when you're in the middle of an incident.

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Matt Davis: And you're basically in a flow of a sense because you're constructing this mental model in your head about what you know what you know, the system is about and then you're.

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Matt Davis: Actually, building on that mental model in real time, as you learn about the failure states and then you're pulling people across and you're in this flow it's like, how do you break out of that flow and remember to reach out to that next top.

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Matt Davis: Yvonne woody, what do you think to have you ever run into this problem where you don't know where to find expertise or yep.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Absolutely, I mean I work a lot with build systems right and so.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): No matter how hard teams try to make a very clear line between this is the build platform, and this is the application.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And we deal with everything over here that happens to the application and you all do with everything over there that happens to the billing platform in reality there are lots of bugs where it's not clear where the problem is right, like the ever popular my build is slow.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Right, I mean that's like well sometimes that slow for system reasons and sometimes it's slow because of an application change or a change to the application build but um.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know I I feel like one of the things that i'm trying to figure out how to do is is you know get us to the point where like we're actually good at working on those kind of in between issues.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know the and and you know that that it's like I I tend to feel that, like in software.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know that we tend to be sort of very focused on a very ownership model driven a very legalistic.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): driven and it's like okay so that's kind of like the end that's kind of like the floor, but that shouldn't be the ceiling right like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Like we should just be able to say I don't know the whole system looks like it's doing something weird and I don't have.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Like you know, we need to have like people cross disciplinary cross you know cross department, where we can go and say.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Look, this just looks funny like you can tell me that i'm wrong if y'all want to laugh at me afterwards i'm fine, but I am really concerned because this does not look right to me.

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Matt Davis: I can you describe that as the in between and and would you say that's kind of like the same area that a lot of people talk about glue work.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): or.

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Matt Davis: Are you thinking of something different or.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I just think I do think that it's very related to glue because a lot of that is um.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): it's it's because part of your mental model isn't just um who's the next team on the list right like it's like who do I have a relationship with.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): That I won't feel bad about asking them to look at this like you know, like not just you know, do they know something, but you know, do I feel okay talking to them.

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Matt Davis: Oh yeah yeah The relationship is actually.

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Matt Davis: more attractive to you than the expertise that's fascinating.

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Matt Davis: You know we're humans, and so we live in this social construct we're that's how we are human that's how we're mammals we're we're in a society and we build these relationships and.

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Matt Davis: And yeah I can I can think of that right now, when, just like that you know getting paged at 3am well, I have a better relationship with my mentor, then I do with the expert that built the system.

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Matt Davis: My mentor is going to be a lot more forgiving that I woke them up at 3am and can help me through this thing that i'm completely.

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Matt Davis: You know i'm just out of my element about whereas I might think the expert is going to they might look down on me, or they might think I don't know what i'm doing and and I can see this like cognitive dissonance getting in the middle of like trying to make that decision.

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Matt Davis: that's a that's a really I hadn't thought about it that way, and that the escalation that next top may actually not be the expert it just may be.

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Matt Davis: The most reasonable place for you to reach to me, you are under strain yourself.

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Kurt Andersen: And I encountered that a lot, too, in terms of having a team of accessories and all of you kind of sharing a rotation, if you like, and I think that's one of the benefits of a primary, secondary on call structure.

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Kurt Andersen: Is that you have a defined next top if you're the primary and you, you get a call you've got somebody who's already on deck, so to speak, that you can reach out to for building a shared understanding.

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Kurt Andersen: And sometimes experts can be a little prickly if and.

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Kurt Andersen: yeah and especially if they get overloaded with everybody, asking them questions, I mean that's another downside of kind of siloed information or experts who don't share information effectively is that then everybody does have to ask them questions and call them to get an answer.

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Matt Davis: yeah and you can you can also run the danger of that expert experiencing tunnel vision which experts are.

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Matt Davis: I I kind of like to say it they're allowed to do that, but you have to help them through it.

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Matt Davis: Yes, where the expert needs help.

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Matt Davis: bridge is breaking them out of their expertise, so that they don't fall into that tunnel vision and going well, it has to be this, this is my area of expertise, so this is where i'm going to look.

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Kurt Andersen: Right or it's another really negative thing that i've seen in a as a pattern is this idea of meantime to innocence, where you get everybody to swarm on an incident and then everybody looks for the fastest way to escape at possible oh not my system by.

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Kurt Andersen: And and it's essentially a try to try to not be responsible or deny responsibility and get out of there and then it becomes difficult for the person who's stuck.

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Kurt Andersen: coordinating the incident or responding as the tech lead to say oh wait a minute it actually is the DNS, and so we got to go get the DNS people back in here because they bailed early or something i'm picking on DNS just because that's the kind of.

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Kurt Andersen: The bird and that raises the cost of being wrong too because that's like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): What if what if you're like Oh, it is DNS and then you call them back and it's not DNS right like so that's.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know that is that I that I feel like a lot of what.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): A lot of where the interesting to me work is is like lowering the cost of being wrong yes.

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that's absolutely right.

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Kurt Andersen: That.

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Matt Davis: That sounds to me like.

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Matt Davis: helping people make difficult decisions.

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Matt Davis: It sounds like the same kind of thing it's like and also you know, going back to what Charles was saying about feeling safe to escalate like.

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Matt Davis: I would put it another way, feeling safe to admit you're wrong or feeling safe to admit I don't know or being able to say that.

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Matt Davis: or and i've done this, too, and actually I was thinking about this question.

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Matt Davis: When when on call we're often faced with learning opportunities in fact I would I would guess every single incident is a learning opportunity and so when we're actively on call.

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Matt Davis: I often wonder about this, how hard, is it to remember that this is a learning opportunity this isn't just an outage.

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Matt Davis: This is a opportunity where the the our our complexity has opened itself up for us to see inside it and whether it may be a very narrow view or maybe wide but.

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Matt Davis: Those are the times that we can learn a lot about our co workers about our company about how we organize our work and about the technical aspects of the system have.

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Matt Davis: Charles have you run into anything like this, where you've faced or have seen this where responders or engineers are faced with do I learn or do I get this fixed as fast as possible.

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Charles Cary: that's a good question.

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Charles Cary: I mean my general recommendation is mitigate as quickly as possible.

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Charles Cary: just for the sake of like minimizing customer impact.

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Charles Cary: Sure, in terms of learning.

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Charles Cary: I do, I do believe you learn to be a better on call by being at the incidents themselves in terms of translating that into kind of kind of deeper observations right.

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Charles Cary: The place where I see it, being very useful is.

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Charles Cary: I, I am a great believer in doing at least some of the on call for the software you right, and the reason is, is, I think, like in those moments you kind of recognize where.

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Charles Cary: Maybe the software was inadequate and and like, in particular, like there's a lot of stuff that's easy to take for granted, because it'll get through quite a bit of testing, but then fails and prod like.

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Charles Cary: Just understanding the benefits of like logging other telemetry building systems that handle exceptions in the general case right building things that are self healing building things that self Defense right and.

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Charles Cary: I think all of those kind of principles which aren't really necessary for like application correctness.

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Charles Cary: If you have an on call where well if your it folks who wrote the application are never on call one of the things is that they that the learning doesn't feed back.

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Charles Cary: To the development process, and I find that like that's one place where you can create a virtuous cycle, where development improves if folks are do some on called be some and they.

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Charles Cary: They become they become better at the engineering practices as well, because they think about how they will feel in that moment.

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Matt Davis: How about you Yvonne i'm learning, while you're on call.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Oh um so I was going to take charles's answer a little bit of a different direction, which is that you know i've known a lot of debs who ended up getting put on call for service that they wrote and they.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): don't see the value in it like you know I think as OPS people as as sorry, you know, like, I mean nobody likes being on call right like it's a chore.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): But for us like you know when you when you start a new job, and then you get to be on call it's not like this is fun, but it's like okay i'm a member of the team I pulling my weight.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): i'm trusted enough that people think that I will shut down some critical service, I mean they might be wrong, but like I am trusted enough.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Whereas, you know, like one of the depths that i've worked with described being on call for.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know this sort of complicated distributed system is he just felt like his job was being asleep protector, you know it was like giving the experts, a few more hours of sleep and he couldn't really do anything.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And like that, like you know I don't know that he was completely correct, I mean like I think he did more than he that he.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): thinks he did, but I do think there's something about like how do I, like How do we make that experience of on call valuable to dance like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I think a lot of times what happens to is that their stuff that's valuable to individual debs like you know that sometimes you know there's some things you only learn by experiencing them and it's like you know, having nice nice retry logic, for instance stuff like that um.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know, like I think that's all good, but I think the harder thing is where the team has to fight for.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Something that would make their on call lives better that.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): makes for a better service.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And they have to do that learning together, I think that's often very hard for people.

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Matt Davis: that's a that's a good point because I i've had that experience to with developers on both sides of the fence where they didn't see the need for them to be on call they shouldn't be on call it's not there.

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Matt Davis: it's not the way they think it's not the way they work it's not the way they do their thing it's not them.

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Matt Davis: And so it was really hard to get them to see a different see on call in a different light at the same time.

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Matt Davis: i've seen developers embrace it.

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Matt Davis: 100% and.

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Matt Davis: I think it's a really interesting question.

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Matt Davis: I I forget who tweeted this, but it was it was some video of.

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Matt Davis: Of a bunch of COPs chasing a guy and the end the guy had.

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Matt Davis: run behind the Van and all the COPs ran right by the Van where the the guy was hiding the helicopter filming it knew exactly where the guy was but all the COPs ran around the guy.

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Matt Davis: And someone made a tweet comment like Oh, this is like seeing newbie people on call when you know what the answer is, but you want them to discover how to fix it and i'm i'm wondering if if that sort of thing kind of ties into this like experiencing on call, but then.

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Matt Davis: How do you.

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Matt Davis: How do you make it.

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Matt Davis: exciting, how do you make it, you know.

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Matt Davis: An opportunity, how do you know how do we spin it on its on its head and instead of it being something bad that happens, show that this is not, this is actually just normal.

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Matt Davis: This is just this is just the system operating the system is operating in a normal way always on the brink of failure, and we just happen to catch the system right when it touched that brink and so that's where we are and it's.

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Matt Davis: I had trouble answering this question myself um.

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Matt Davis: I.

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Matt Davis: I don't know the.

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Kurt Andersen: way that a lot of people don't want to take that red pill.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And I think that.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I think there's also a very human desire to be done with things like okay I should my feature it's done right like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I checked it by code change and it's done like I thought that I think it was um Liz found Gray and honey honey combs said something about how like they found that three and a half hours is kind of when they get is kind of their limit on situational awareness, for.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Somebody checks in a change.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And they have it paged it out enough that if something happens in production they're like oh wait that could be me, and you know, like I like she said it in a tweet so I don't so I don't have a reference of.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): My head, but I do think that that's a very interesting that you know that it's like since I work on ci CD pipelines, I do think that's something that it's like like like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): You know what is the I mean it's not just the speed, but it's you know there's something about the the you know when do people have enough situational awareness around change to think Oh, you know what that could be my thing.

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Matt Davis: it's a good question.

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Matt Davis: Because I think that changes from person to person it's a very subjective thing to have.

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Matt Davis: situational awareness was, which is a troublesome thing to begin with which situation are we being aware of right.

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Matt Davis: I didn't hear that i've never heard the three and a half hour thing, but that makes a lot of sense yeah i'm Okay, we finally deployed this.

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Matt Davis: I have another ticket i'm going to close this ticket i'm going to move on to my next ticket i'm going to pull another ticket from the backlog I can't be thinking about this, while i'm trying to get into my next new part of work.

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Kurt Andersen: And something I read the other day to pointed out that being on high alert for issues is fatiguing just maintaining that sense of awareness and alert nose to the risk of failure is something that requires.

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Kurt Andersen: effort and.

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Kurt Andersen: it's easy to understand, I think it may have come up in the context of one of the talks last week from s3 con.

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Kurt Andersen: Where the s3.

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Kurt Andersen: One of the managers for the Ms teams organization was talking about the load on the teams for on call when the pandemic started.

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Kurt Andersen: And all of a sudden everybody was piling all the schools in the world were piling into teams for virtual classrooms.

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Kurt Andersen: And they had had rotations that were a week long and and people were being crisp out of that, and so they ended up having to go to one day rotations for on call just because it was so much of a burden on the people wow.

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Matt Davis: wow I.

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Matt Davis: It It makes me think of the burden of on call.

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Matt Davis: translating into the burden of.

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Matt Davis: feeling like you have to be the one to fix the problem.

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Kurt Andersen: hmm.

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Matt Davis: I struggle with this all the time as a as a responder.

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Matt Davis: um and I, and I think I struggle with it because I I do I do contain an area of expertise and I want to be able, I really genuinely want to be able to fix it um but it kind of goes back to what what Charles was saying before you know at what point do you hit the escalation button.

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Matt Davis: And you know when do you feel like you've.

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Kurt Andersen: The the escalation button, I think, part of the question, there, though, is the escalation button is not an eject button.

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Kurt Andersen: It is not a defeat button.

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Kurt Andersen: And if it feels that way then it's going to cause people to be unwilling to use it.

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Kurt Andersen: And I noticed that our time is running short here also so I don't want to have the last word on this but, but I think it's important to not view escalating as as abdicating responsibility.

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Matt Davis: Charles you're you're nodding.

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Charles Cary: Absolutely right, and I think that um.

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Charles Cary: escalate means i'd like you to help me solve this problem is usually how I kind of portray it to folks now there if it's ongoing there needs to be released at some point it doesn't mean you're like tied to it forever, but there is some amount of you know.

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Charles Cary: When you bring another person in you're not working with them and continuing to do it right, and I think that's only fair to whoever you're going to.

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Charles Cary: And that's also that's going back that's the that is one of those opportunities to learn.

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Charles Cary: Right, like in the sense that that's where you can actually get even if you can't really contribute meaningfully to the debugging anymore.

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Charles Cary: that's how you can actually see you know things to learn and so escalation, even if you're taking a backseat in terms of the kind of ongoing effort it's usually worthwhile at least till the shift runs.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): And something I would add to is that you know I don't think we should be hard on ourselves about wanting to solve the problem, because, like all of tech culture is about being the person with the answers right like.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Like there's no way we can just turn that off in our brains and we're on call.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): Even if we know that it's not a good idea.

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Matt Davis: you're you're you're absolutely right, we.

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Matt Davis: We want to be the hero, we want to be the person who figures out figured it out, we want to be.

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Matt Davis: You know, we want it, we want to show that we did something on this on call shift I couldn't work on feature work all week or all day or whatever, but hey look what I learned look what I fixed and I was on call and and I I did that.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): I did that at three in the morning I bought myself.

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Matt Davis: Exactly oh yeah oh no one knew about it, I didn't have to escalate at three in the morning haha.

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Matt Davis: Well, I wanted to thank everyone for joining, thank you, Charles Thank you Yvonne it's been a wonderful time talking to you i've this conversation has sparked some ideas and some moments of learning for me and I really hope it's done the same for you all.

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Yvonne Lam (she/her): absolutely all right.

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Kurt Andersen: Thank you very much thank you all have a great conversation.

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Thank you.